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Urban Wind Turbines


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Wind turbines in the built area - Potential estimate for the NYC like city

A lot of work is being done on the possibility of incorporating wind turbines in a built environment, and naturally, as a wind energy enthusiastic, I was curious. what's the potential? how much of a crowded high rise buildings heavily populated city electricity consumption can you produce with urban wind turbines? who can tell me?
well, since I didn't find my answer in the net or in the electronic data base of the Technion , I decided to check it out for myself.
There Are a million Urban wind turbine designs out there, more or less sophisticated, more or less real (that is, don't produce all of your house's consumption with a turbine the size of a small solar water heater collector ) but no asummption of a theoretical top figure - percent of consumption possibly met by urban based turbines.

my model is a simple one. The wind speed above the buildings and between them is estimated according to log law, with data from a urban wind study of L.A. commercial area. The friction velocity is changed to accommodate the wind speed charestaristics of NYC - 4-5 m/s at the surrounding airports and central park, and the buildings used are the top 2000 highest buildings in new york. i took one 400 Kw turbine on the top of every building - 20 meters above the top, assuming a darreius or H-rotor turbine, with an efficiency (averaged) of 0.3 . The VAWT's handle well the skewed flow above a roof.
I also incorporated turbines between the buildings, 2 meter below the average highest of both buildings - with a suggested hanging wind turbine (but anything else more conventional can do the job).

The results are between 2-5% of the energy consumption of 8 million new yorkers, with a consumption of 13 Kw-hour per day can be met this way. 70 percent from roof top turbines and 30 percent from hanging turbines.
 
The result suggests the real purpose of urban wind turbines - not producing a bulk amount of electric consumption so much as producing electricity near the consumer, or even while owned by the consumer (Co-op) , and reminding him of his own consumption - leading to more awareness and less consumption.
As Paul Gipe writes - urban wind turbines can be the normal HAWT's installed near a city or even further away but owned by the residents - instead of noisy and problematic urban wind turbines - which then will fulfill both Urban turbines missions as i see them - producing clean energy and leading to more awareness and consequently less consumption by the consumer since he will be a partial owner of them.

I'm also all for urban wind turbines, developed to be incorporated in a building, quietly and safely, as long as we don't sell fantasys - Because as my study shows, as simple as it is - we will defiantly not meet all our consumption by urban wind turbines. Even for a double hight city with 8 Kw-hour consumption and the same amount of residents, you get 10 percent at most. and this is defiantly on the optimistic side.
So let urban turbines be a part of the clean energy mix, with solar cells and utility grid connected large HAWT's,  and the rising awareness of the consumers.

My suggested hanging turbine concept 



bibiliography (partial) :
Rouhness length and displacement highet derived from city databses / Steven J. et al.

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